What can cause damage to hardwood floors?
Excessive water can seep into the floor and cause the wood grain to raise and the wood to expand, crack, or splinter.
Excess wear and tear or abuse caused by not protecting areas that lead onto the floor directly from outside can also damage hardwood floors. Keep shoes clean and use mats at entrances to wipe grit off your feet.
Hard cleats should also not be worn in the house. High heals should be in good condition to be worn on hardwood floors. If the metal part of the heel is exposed it will cause damage to any floor it's on.
Oil-based cleaners and other waxes or polishes can harm the surface of your floor and make it difficult to re-coat it in the future.
Ammonia cleaners are too abrasive for hardwood floors and might dull the finish.
Over exposure to sunlight - as with anything else, the sun and its UV rays over time will cause your floors to dull or discolour.